Quantcast
Channel: Python For Beginners » OS
Viewing all articles
Browse latest Browse all 9

Python System Administration

0
0

Overview

The OS module in Python provides a way of using operating system dependent
functionality. 

The functions that the OS module provides allows you to interface with the
underlying operating system that Python is running on – be that Windows, Mac or
Linux. 

You can find important information about your location or about the process. 

Before we start, make sure that you have imported the OS module. 
import os

OS Functions explained

os.system()	# Executing a shell command
os.stat()	# Get the status of a file
os.environ()    # Get the users environment
os.chdir()   	# Move focus to a different directory
os.getcwd()    	# Returns the current working directory
os.getgid()    	# Return the real group id of the current process
os.getuid()    	# Return the current process’s user id
os.getpid()     # Returns the real process ID of the current process
os.getlogin()   # Return the name of the user logged
os.access()   	# Check read permissions
os.chmod()    	# Change the mode of path to the numeric mode
os.chown()   	# Change the owner and group id
os.umask(mask)  # Set the current numeric umask
os.getsize()   	# Get the size of a file
os.path.getmtime()  # Last time a given directory was modified
os.path.getatime()  # Last time a given directory was accessed
os.environ()    # Get the users environment
os.uname()   	# Return information about the current operating system
os.chroot(path) # Change the root directory of the current process to path
os.listdir(path)# List of the entries in the directory given by path
os.getloadavg() # Show queue averaged over the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes
os.path.exists()# Check if a path exists
os.walk()   	# Print out all directories, sub-directories and files
os.mkdir(path)	# Create a directory named path with numeric mode mode
os.makedirs(path)# Recursive directory creation function
os.remove(path)	# Remove (delete) the file path
os.removedirs(path) # Remove directories recursively
os.rename(src, dst) # Rename the file or directory src to dst
os.rmdir(path)  # Remove (delete) the directory path

OS Functions Examples

Get current working directory with os.getcwd()
print os.getcwd()

Get the status of a file with os.stat()
print "Getting the status of: ", os.stat('/usr/bin/python')

Execute a shell command with os.system()
os.system('ls -l')

Return the current process id with os.getpid()
print os.getpid()

Change the mode of path to the numeric mode with os.chmod()
os.chmod(path, mode)

Change the owner and group id of path to the numeric uid and gid with os.chown()
os.chown(path, uid, gid)

Processes in the system run queue averaged over the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes
print os.getloadavg()

Check if a path exists with os.path.exists()
if os.path.exists("file.txt"):

Create a new directory named 'new_directory' if it doesn't exist already"
os.path.exists("new_directory") or os.mkdir("new_directory")

Check if the path is a directory or a file with os.path.isdir() & os.path.isfile()
path = "/tmp"
if os.path.isdir(path): print "That's a directory"
if os.path.isfile(path): print "That's a file"

Create a directory with os.makedir()
print os.mkdir('new_directory', 0666)

Recursive create directories with os.makedirs()
os.makedirs('dir_a/dir_b/dir_c')

Remove a directory with os.rmdir()
print os.rmdir('directory')

Recursively remove empty directories with os.rmdirs()
os.removedirs('dir_a/dir_b/dir_c')

Rename a file with os.rename()
print os.rename('/path/to/old/file', '/path/to/new/file')

Rename a file with shutil.move()
print shutil.move('/path/to/old/file', '/path/to/new/file')

Rename a file with shutil.copy()
print shutil.copy('/path/to/old/file', '/path/to/new/file')

Get the users home directory
print os.path.expanduser('~')

Check read permissions with os.access()
path = '/tmp/file.txt'
print os.access(path, os.R_OK)

Get the users environment with os.environmen()
home =  os.environ['HOME']
print home

Move focus to a different directory with os.chdir()
print os.chdir('/tmp')

Print out all directories, sub-directories and files with os.walk()
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("/tmp"):
    print root
    print dirs
    print files

Get the last time a directory was accessed with os.path.getatime()
os.path.getatime('/tmp')

Get the last time a directory was modified with os.path.getmtime()
os.path.getmtime('/tmp')

Get the user ID with os.getuid()
if os.getuid() != 0: print "you are not root"

Get the group ID with os.getgid()
print os.getgid()

Return the name of the user logged in with os.getlogin()
print os.getlogin()

Returns a list of all files in a directory with os.listdir()
for filename in os.listdir("/tmp"):
    print "This is inside /tmp", filename

Get the size of a file with os.path.getsize()
path.getsize("/tmp/file.txt")

The post Python System Administration appeared first on Python For Beginners.


Viewing all articles
Browse latest Browse all 9

Latest Images

Trending Articles





Latest Images